INFRARED LIGHT : A FORM OF HEAT ?

CORRECTED: NO, INFRARED LIGHT IS NOT A KIND OF HEAT   (William J. Beaty)

Infrared light is invisible light. When any type of light is absorbed by an object, that object will be heated. The infrared light from an electric heater feels hot because the light is EXTREMELY BRIGHT LIGHT. Just because human eyes cannot see the light which causes the heating does not mean that the light is made of some mysterious entity called "heat radiation." When bright light shines on an absorptive surface, that surface heats up.

And this is no benign misconception. Those who fall under its sway may also come to believe that *visible* light cannot heat surfaces (after all, visible light is not "heat radiation.") Misguided science students may wrongly believe that warm objects emit no microwaves (since only IR light is "heat radiation"), even though hot objects actually do emit microwaves. Or they may believe that the glow of red hot objects is somehow different than the infrared glow of cooler objects. Or they may believe that IR light is a form of "heat," and is therefore fundamentally different than any other type of electromagnetic radiation.

In his book "Clouds in a Glass of Beer," Physicist C. Bohren points out that this "heat" misconception may have been started long ago, when early physicists believed in the existence of three separate types of radiation: heat radiation, light, and actinic radiation. Eventually they discovered that all three were actually the same stuff: light. "Heat radiation" and "actinic radiation" are simply invisible light of various frequencies. Today we say "UV light" rather than "actinic radiation." Yet the obsolete term "heat radiation" still lingers. Since human beings can only see certain frequencies of light, it's easy to see how this sort of confusion got started. Invisible light seems bizarre and mysterious when compared to visible light. But "invisibility" is caused by the human eye, and is not a property carried by the light. If humans could see all the light in the infrared spectrum, we would say things like this: "of COURSE the electric heater makes things hot at a distance, it is intensely BRIGHT, and bright light can heat up any surface which absorbs it."

PS, if you're interested in physical science misconceptions, Bohren's Book is an excellent resource. He's like me, and complains about several specific misconceptions which keep his students from understanding science.